ࡱ> A }bjbj\\ 8>h>h\7..<<<<<Tj<j<j<=>j<geAB:BBBREREREddddddd$!jld-<REEE@REREd<<BB,!eWWWRE<B<BdWREdWW6VbcB5qs<LL6cd7e0gecm2U*m8cc8m<6dWREREREdd\V*REREREgeREREREREmRERERERERERERERERE.X ::  DOCUMENT :Appendix 1 PROJECT :High Level Parapet and Buttress Repairs PLas Tan Y BwlchCLIENT :Snowdonia National Park AuthorityDATE :July 2022JOB No :221106 GATELEY SMITHERS PURSLOW Swan House Russell St Chester CH3 5AL Tel 01244 348849 website: www.smitherspurlsow.com email: lscott@gateleysmitherspurslow.com CONTENTS Section C Conservation Materials and Workmanship C14 Repairing / Renovating / Conserving Masonry C20 Carpentry/Timber Framing / First Fixing H62 NATURAL SLATING H71 Lead Sheet Coverings / Flashings M20 Lime Render M60 Painting / Clear Finishing Z12 Preservative / Fire Retardant Treatment Z20 Fixings and Adhesives Z21 Mortars Z22 Sealants C41 REPAIRING/ RENOVATING/ CONSERVING MASONRY To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions. GENERAL/ PREPARATION C41/110 SCOPE OF WORK - Schedule: See Schedule of Works. - Records of masonry to be repaired: Before starting work, use measurements and photographs as appropriate to record bonding patterns, joint widths, special features, etc. - Identification of masonry units to be removed, replaced or repaired: Mark clearly, but not indelibly, on face of masonry units or parts of units to be cut out and replaced. Transcribe markings to drawings/ photographs. C41/120 SITE INSPECTION - Purpose: To confirm type and extent of repair/ renovation/ conservation work shown on drawings and described in survey reports and schedules of work. - Parties involved: Contract Administrator, Contractors representative, Forman Mason, Structural Engineer. - Timing: TBA - Instructions issued during inspection: To be confirmed in writing by CA. C41/125 REMOVAL OF FITTINGS/ FIXTURES - Items to be removed, and reinstated on completion of repair work: refer to Schedule of Works - Identification: Attach labels or otherwise mark items using durable, non-permanent means, to identify location and describe refixing instructions, where applicable. - Treatment following removal: refer to Schedule of Works - Storage: Protect against damage, and store until required. Storage location: Submit proposals - Reinstatement: Refit in original locations using original installation methods. - Items unsuitable or not required for reuse: refer to Schedule of Works - Masonry fabric and surfaces: Do not damage during removal and replacement of fittings/ fixtures. C41/140 RECORD OF WORK - General: Record work carried out to masonry clearly and accurately using written descriptions, sketches, drawings and photographs, as necessary. - Documentation: Submit on completion of the work. C41/150 POWER TOOLS FOR REMOVAL OF MORTAR are permitted only where approved by the CA. These are to be a narrow disc or vibrating chisel to the centre of the mortar joint to remove pressure from the joint. All fine work to be hand done. C41/160 PROTECTION OF MASONRY UNITS AND MASONRY - Masonry units: Prevent overstressing during transit, storage, handling and fixing. Store on level bearers clear of the ground, separated with resilient spacers. Protect from adverse weather and keep dry. Prevent soiling, chipping and contamination. Lift units at designed lifting points, where provided. - Masonry: Prevent damage, particularly to arrises, projecting features and delicate, friable surfaces. Prevent mortar/ grout splashes and other staining and marking on facework. Protect using suitable non-staining slats, boards, tarpaulins, etc. Remove protection on completion of the work. C41/165 STRUCTURAL STABILITY - General: Maintain stability of masonry. Report defects, including signs of movement, that are exposed or become apparent during the removal of masonry units. C41/170 DISTURBANCE TO RETAINED MASONRY - Retained masonry in the vicinity of repair works: Disturb as little as possible. - Existing retained masonry: Do not cut or adjust to accommodate new or reused units. - Retained loose masonry units and those vulnerable to movement during repair works: Prop or wedge so as to be firmly and correctly positioned. C41/180 OPERATIVES: Use operatives who are skilled and experienced with the materials and procedures required for the types of repairs specified. Provide evidence of their training and previous experience to the CA on request. C41/180 WORKMANSHIP - Skill and experience of site operatives: Appropriate for types of work on which they are employed. - Documentary evidence: Submit on request. C41/185 ADVERSE WEATHER - General: Do not use frozen materials or lay masonry units on frozen surfaces. - Air temperature: Do not bed masonry units or repoint: - In cement gauged mortars when ambient air temperature is at or below 3C and falling or unless it is at least 1C and rising, unless mortar has a minimum temperature of 4C when laid and the masonry is adequately protected. - In hydraulic lime:sand mortars when ambient air temperature is at or below 5C and falling or unless it is at least 3C and rising. - In non-hydraulic lime:sand mortars in cold weather, unless approval is given. - Temperature of the work: Maintain above freezing until mortar has fully set. - Rain, snow and dew: Protect masonry by covering during precipitation, and at all times when work is not proceeding. - Hot conditions and drying winds: Prevent masonry from drying out rapidly by adeqauate protection, for example hessin sheeting, and appropriate re-wetting of lime mortars at regular intervals daily particularly within the first 10days of the applied mortar to control cureing process - New mortar damaged by frost: Rake out and replace. C41/190 REFERENCE SAMPLE(S): Obtain approval of the following before proceeding with the remainder: Sample of mortar bedding & pointing to approx. 1 sq. m. Protect from adverse weather and damage. C41/195 SAND SAMPLE(S): Before placing order, submit for approval representative samples of: Suitable natural stone sand , well graded as specified Z21/25. MATERIALS/PRODUCTION/ACCESSORIES C41/215 SAMPLE(S): - Make arrangements with the CA to inspect samples of the following material(s). Ensure that the samples represent the range of variation in appearance for each type of material to be matched: Replacement stone to match existing, allow for hand dressing stonework to match the existing hand dressed ashlar stonework. - Obtain approval of appearance before placing orders with suppliers or proceeding with production. - Keep approved samples of natural stone for reference purposes. Protect from damage. C41/220 RECORDING PROFILES - Profiles: Take measurements from existing masonry units, as instructed, to allow accurate matching of replacements. - Recording in situ: If there are no suitable joints to allow use of inserts, seek instructions. - Drawings and templates: Prepare as necessary. Templates must be clearly and indelibly marked to identify use and location. C41/230 INSPECTION OF DRAWINGS, TEMPLATES, CASTS, ETC - Timing: Before starting production of masonry units associated with the following items: templates for stone balustrading and other decorative stonework is to be obtained C41/245 REPLACEMENT STONE UNITS - Sizes and profiles: To match existing masonry. Maintain existing joint widths. - Sinkings for fixings, joggles and lifting devices: Accurately aligned and positioned in relation to existing masonry. - Marking: Mark each block/ dressing clearly and indelibly on a concealed face to indicate the natural bed and position in the finished work . New stone to be Free from vents, cracks, fissures, discolouration, or other defects which may adversely affect strength, durability or appearance. Thoroughly seasoned, AND HAND dressed and worked in to match the existing dressed SLATE stone finish of the existing stonework - Finish: stonework dressed to match the existing stone HAND dressed finish, contractor to provide sample prior to conformation of order and commencement - Supplier: TBC C41/250 STONE ORIENTATION - Orientation of natural bed: - In plain walling: Horizontal. - In projecting stones and copings: Vertical and perpendicular to wall face. - In arches: Perpendicular to line of thrust. C41/281 FIXINGS: s/sDowls, s/s cramps, s/s restraint bar - Type: Submit proposals. - Material: austenitic stainless steel. - Size, strength and number: As necessary to resist loads likely to occur during the life of the building, and to prevent lateral displacement or pulling apart of the construction. DISMANTLING/ REBUILDING C41/310 DISMANTLING MASONRY FOR REUSE - Masonry units to be reused: Remove carefully and in one piece. - Treatment: Clean off old mortar, organic growths and dirt, and leave units in a suitable condition for rebuilding. - Identification: Mark each unit clearly and indelibly on a concealed face, indicating its original position in the construction. Transcribe makings to drawings/ photographs. C41/320 REBUILDING STONE BALUSTRADE/PARAPPET WALLING - Replacement materials: Stone as clause 245. - Mortar: As section Z21. - Fixings: as clause 281 - Rebuilding: To match previous face and joint lines, joint widths and bonding. Adequately bonded to retained work/ backing masonry, as appropriate. - Joint surfaces: Dampen, as necessary, to control suction. Lay on a full bed of mortar and ensure that all joints are filled. Ensure that no mortar/grout encroaches upon exposed faces - Laying masonry units: On a full bed of mortar; perpend joints filled. - Exposed faces: Remove mortar and grout splashes immediately. - Joints: Flush or slightly set back and rubbed or bagged off when green. REPLACEMENTS AND INSERTIONS OR INDENTS C41/330 PREPARATION FOR REPLACEMENT MASONRY - Defective material: Carefully remove to the extent agreed. Do not disturb, damage or mark adjacent retained masonry. - Existing metal fixings, frame members, etc: Report when exposed. - Redundant metal fixings: carefully Remove. - Recesses: Remove projections and loose material; leave joint surfaces in a suitable condition to receive replacement units. Protect from adverse weather if units are not to be placed immediately. C41/340 C41/350 STONE INSERTS AS NECESSARY - Drawing reference(s) As contract drawings / Schedule. - Stone: Natural stone as clause 240. Finish: Flush and to match existing dressed stone. - Preparation and insertion as clause 330 & 385. - Mortar: As section Z21. Mix: As Clause 320. Sand source/type: As Clause 320. Fixings: As clause 320. - Joints: As existing. - Other requirements: Ensure stone is dressed to match existing. Allow for cutting to all faces C41/385 LAYING REPLACEMENT MASONRY: - Keep exposed faces of new material to face lines agreed with the CA. - Accurately align faces, angles and features. Set out carefully to ensure satisfactory junctions with existing masonry and maintain existing joint widths. - Dampen joint surfaces to control suction as necessary. Lay on a full bed of mortar and ensure that all joints are filled. Ensure that no mortar/grout encroaches upon exposed face. C41/405 BONDED DOWELS TO REBUILT STONEWORK - Dowels: Stainless steel bars as clause 281. Adhesive: As manufacturers recommendation : Epoxy Resin Adhesive. - Drill suitably sized holes in the background and the rear of the replacement/insert to receive dowels and adhesive. Ensure that holes are aligned to allow accurate positioning of the replacement/insert. - Secure dowels into clean, dry holes with adhesive. Do not use adhesive to bond stones at joints unless agreed otherwise with the CA. C41/410 CORRODED FIXINGS: - Cut out corroding metal fixings carefully, causing the least possible disturbance to surrounding masonry. Remove associated rust debris. - Replace with compatible fixings as clause 405. C41/420 TEMPORARY DISTANCE PIECES FOR JOINTS IN STONEWORK: Use lead or stainless steel distance pieces to provide well distributed support and ensure correct joint width. Remove when mortar/grout is sufficiently strong MORTAR REPAIRS C41/510 PREPARATION FOR MORTAR REPAIRS: - Scribe straight horizontal and vertical lines to the repair area with edges parallel to joints. Where the repair area abuts joints, maintain existing joint widths and do not bridge joints. - Cut back decayed masonry carefully to a depth of not less than 20 mm and to a sound background. Where the depth of removal exceeds 50 mm seek instructions. - Do not weaken the masonry by removing excessive material. Do not damage adjacent masonry. - Undercut top and vertical edges of the repair area. C41/515 STITCH REINFORCEMENT TO MORTAR REPAIRS/ JOINTS: - Austenitic stainless steel or copper alloy wire, diameter: 5 mm. - Form armatures to suit profile(s) of mortar repair and provide effective reinforcement. Cover to reinforcement: Not less than 18 mm. - Drill holes into background to receive the reinforcement and bond firmly with a suitable epoxy resin. C41/520 MORTAR REPAIRS TO BROKEN/DAMAGED STONE INSITU - Drawing reference(s) : As contract drawing / Schedule. - Reinforcement: As clause 515. - Undercoat(s): As section Z21. Mix: Lime Mortar 1 : 2 Lime : NHL3.5 Sand. Sand source/type: As clause 320. Build up in layers where necessary, each layer not exceeding 12 mm. - Finishing coat: To match approved sample(s). Applied 3-4days after base coat. Mix: Lime Mortar 1 : 2 Lime NHL 2 : Sand Sand source/type: As Clause 320. Finished thickness: 10 15mm Finish: Smooth to match adjacent stonework. C41/540 APPLYING MORTAR: - Clean background thoroughly to remove all dust and debris and dampen to control suction. - Build up mortar in layers to specified thickness. Apply firmly and ensure good adhesion with no voids. Form a mechanical key to undercoat(s) by combing or scratching to produce evenly spaced lines. - Allow each layer to achieve an initial set before applying subsequent coats. Prevent each layer from drying out too rapidly by covering immediately with plastics sheeting and/or dampening intermittently with clean water. Allow 3-4 days between coats. - Form finishing mortar coat accurately to required planes/profiles and flush with adjacent masonry. - Protect completed mortar repairs from adverse weather until they have fully set. C41/550 SCRAPED FINISH TO MORTAR REPAIRS: Apply finishing mortar proud of existing face lines. After mortar has set but before it is too hard, scrape back to required face line using a fine saw blade or other suitable means. C41/555 FLOAT FINISH TO MORTAR REPAIRS: Finish with a wood float and/or a felt faced float to give an even overall texture. Do not use steel floats. CRACK REPAIRS/ TIES/ REINFORCEMENT C41/610 MORTAR REPAIR OF CRACKS GENERALLY - Drawing reference(s): DWGS 1 & 2 - Mortar: As section Z21. Mix: as clause320 Sand source/type: as clause 320. - Clean out cracks to remove loose debris, dust and dirt. Dampen joints to control suction as necessary. Press mortar well into joints so that they are fully filled. Ensure that no mortar encroaches upon exposed faces. Finish flush - Other requirements: Smooth finish to match adjacent stonework. 675 REINFORCEMENT TO MASONRY - Crack Stitching Kit (Helifix CS10) Manufacturer: Helifix Email: slaes@helifix.com Tel: +44 (0)20 8735 5222 - Product reference: Helifix CS10 -Crack Stitching repair system for stonework - Type and Diameter: 10 No. 1000 mm long, 6 mm diameter stainless steel helical bar. - Grout: 3 Litres cementitious Helibond Grout grout. - Locations: to be agreed with CA on site C41/676 EPOXY RESIN REPAIRs As INDICATED Manufacturer: To contractors recommendation POINTING/ REPOINTING C41/810 PREPARATION FOR REPOINTING: - Work from the top of the wall downwards. - Remove mortar carefully and without damaging adjacent masonry, arrises or widening joints. Form a neat recess of depth not less than 25mm. When mortar beyond this depth is loose and friable and/or cavities are found seek instructions. - Remove dust and loose debris. Dampen joints to control suction as necessary. C41/820 POINTING GENERALLY - Preparation of joints: As 810. - Mortar: As section Z21. Mix: Lime Mortar - - Lime NHL 3.5 : stone sand - ratio 1 : 2 OR Premix Hotlime Refer to Schedule of works for areas of Hot Lime Pointing and NHL pointing and section Z21. Sand source/type: As 320. - Joints: Flush or slightly set back & rubbed or brushed off when green as clause 820. - Other requirements: Keep mortar off the face of the stonework. C41/840 POINTING WITH TOOLS/IRONS: - Press mortar well into joints using pointing tools/irons that fit into the joints, so that they are fully filled. - Ensure that no mortar encroaches upon the face of the masonry. Use suitable temporary adhesive tape on each side of joints where necessary. Finish joints neatly as specified. C41/860 STIPPLE FINISH TO JOINTS: After the initial set has taken place, stipple joints with a stiff brush to remove laitance/excess fines and give a coarse texture. G20 CARPENTRY/ TIMBER FRAMING/ FIRST FIXING G20/02 TIMBER PROCUREMENT - Timber (including timber for wood based products): Obtained from well managed forests/ plantations in accordance with: - The laws governing forest management in the producer country or countries. - International agreements such as the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora (CITES). - Documentation: Provide either: - Documentary evidence (which has been or can be independently verified) regarding the provenance of all timber supplied, or - Evidence that suppliers have adopted and are implementing a formal environmental purchasing policy for timber and wood based products. G20/05 STRUCTURAL SOFTWOOD FOR COMMON RAFTER/ JOIST REPAIRS - Grading standard: To BS 4978 or BS EN 519 or other national equivalent and so marked. - Timber of a target thickness less than 100 mm and not specified for wet exposure: Graded at an average moisture content not exceeding 20% with no reading being in excess of 24% and clearly marked as DRY or KD (kiln dried). - Timber graded undried (green) and specified for installation at higher moisture contents: Clearly marked as WET or GRN. - Strength class to BS EN 338: Class C24 - Treatment: Weather Protected Use Organic Solvent impregnation to NBS section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity Specification C8 Service Life 40 years G20/10 UNGRADED SOFTWOOD BATTENING AND FRAMING - Quality of timber: Free from decay, insect attack (except pinhole borers) and with no knots wider than half the width of the section. - Surface finish: Sawn. - Treatment: Weather Protected Use Organic Solvent impregnation to NBS section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity Specification C8 Service Life 40 years. G20/12 WOOD TRIM FASCIAS AND EAVES BOARDS - Species: To Contractors Choice for oil based painting externally. - Standard: To BS 1186-3. - Class: Class 2 or 3. - Treatment: Weather Protected Use Organic Solvent impregnation to NBS section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity Specification C8 Service Life 40 years. - Fixing: 75mm Lost head galvanized nails to each support. G20/15 PLYWOOD FOR PITCHED ROOF VALLEY BOARDS - Standard: To an approved national standard. WBP - Thickness: 20mm - Appearance class to BS EN 635: E, III, IV - Bond quality to BS EN 314-2: Class 3 - Finish: Un-sanded - Treatment: Weather Protected Use Organic Solvent impregnation to NBS section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity Specification C8 Service Life 40 years G20/16 SOFTWOOD BOARDS TO BOX GUTTERS & GUTTERS Timber of a target thickness less than 100 mm and not specified for wet exposure: Dimensions: 20mm thick by 75mm wide with 2peny gaps between boards Standard: To BS 1186-3. Class: Class 2 or 3. Treatment: Weather Protected Use Organic Solvent impregnation to NBS section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity Specification C8 Service Life 40 years. - Fixing: 50mm Lost head galvanize nails to each support. G20/17 SOFTWOOD TIMBER FILLETS AT EAVES/BOX GUTTERS/BACK GUTTERS Timber of a target thickness less than 100 mm and not specified for wet exposure: Dimensions: to suit detail to be achieved confirm proposals with CA prior to order and commencement Standard: To BS 1186-3. Class: Class 2 or 3. Treatment: Weather Protected Use Organic Solvent impregnation to NBS section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity Specification C8 Service Life 40 years. - Fixing: Lost head s/s nails to each support to ensure the fillet is securely fixed G20/30 SELECTION AND USE OF TIMBER - Timber members damaged, crushed or split beyond the limits permitted by their grading: Do not use. - Notches and holes: Position in relation to knots or other defects such that the strength of members will not be reduced. - Scarf joints, finger joints and splice plates: Do not use. G20/35 PROCESSING TREATED TIMBER - Cutting and machining: Carry out as much as possible before treatment. - Extensively processed timber: Retreat timber sawn lengthways, thicknessed, planed, ploughed, etc. - Surfaces exposed by minor cutting/ drilling: Treat with two flood coats of a solution recommended by main treatment solution manufacturer. G20/40 MOISTURE CONTENT - Moisture content of wood and wood based products at time of installation: Not more than: - Covered in generally unheated spaces: 24%. - Covered in generally heated spaces: 20%. - Internal in continuously heated spaces: 20%. G20/41 BOLTS AND NUTS - Standard: To BS EN ISO 898-1 and BS EN 20898-2. - Finish (applied by manufacturer): galvanised G20/42 WASHERS - Standard: Plain to BS 4320, spring to BS 4464. - Material and finish: To match bolts. - Dimensions when seated directly on timber surfaces: - Diameter/ side length: Not less than 3 times bolt diameter. - Thickness: Not less than 0.25 times bolt diameter. G20/43 BOLTED JOINTS - Bolt spacings (minimum): To BS 5268-2, table 81. - Holes for bolts: Located accurately and drilled to diameters as close as practical to the nominal bolt diameter and not more than 2 mm larger. - Washers: Placed under bolt heads and nuts that would otherwise bear directly on timber. Use spring washers in locations which will be hidden or inaccessible. - Bolt tightening: So that washers just bite the surface of the timber. Ensure that at least one complete thread protrudes from the nut. - Checking: At agreed regular intervals. Tighten as necessary G20/50 ADDITIONAL SUPPORTS - Provision: Position and fix additional studs, noggings and/ or battens to support edges of sheet materials, boards and wall/ floor/ ceiling mounted appliances, fixtures, etc. - Material properties: Timber to be of adequate size and have the same treatment as adjacent timber supports and all to be impregnated poreservative treated timber as per section z12 G20/55 JOISTS GENERALLY - Centres: Equal, and not exceeding existing spacings. - Bowed joists: Installed with positive camber. - End joists: Positioned about 50 mm from masonry walls or as seen to be existing. - Size: To suit joist, design load and crushing strength of supporting construction. H62 NATURAL SLATING H62/03 ROOF SLATING GENERALLY - Substrate: Battens on Tyvek/Klober Forte breather membrane or equivalent approved - Pitch: 30/ 40 Deg pitch (assumed) depending on slope - Underlay: Tyvek Supro Breather Membrane/ Klober Forte breather membrane or equivalent approved - Horizontal lap (minimum): 120mm - Battens: As clause 30. - Size: 50 x 38mm min as BS 5534:2003 - Fixing: As clause 32. Salvaged Slate (to be refitted) New Slate: Penrhyn Heather Blues or equivalent 500x250mm Sample of slates to be provided prior to conformation of order for inspection by CA - Product reference: Penrhyn Heather Blues or equivalent 500x250mm - Supplier: Welsh//Slate Penrhyn Quarry, Bethesda, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 4YG, Tel no 01248 600656 Email: enquiries@welshslate.com - Product reference: Penrhyn Heather Blue Welsh Slate. - Grade: Riven finish; best mixed. - Size: 500 x 250 x 7mm. - Headlap (minimum): 110mm. - Fixing: As clause 35. H62/20 REMOVING EXISTING SLATING General: Carefully remove slates, battens, underlay, etc. with minimum. Set aside all slates to be re-used. Store in course sizes ready for refixing in matching courses/gauge to existing, remove all batten nails slate nails set in rafters so underlay can be layed clear of any possible protrusions H62/201 RE BED EXISTING CLAY RIDGE TILING TO AFFECTED HIPS AND RIDGES Substrate: Clay mortared ridge over existing timber ridge beam. Underlay: as existing Lay as clause H62/77 using galvanized nails to manufacturers recommendations. Ridge Tiles to make up shortfall where existing ridges damaged during careful removal: Manufacturer: Hanson Redbank or equivalent approved Reference: to match the existing ridges Size: 450mm with angle to suit roof pitch to be checked on site prior to order. Refer to written Fixing Specification by manufacturer and comply with such instructions SAMPLE : of replacement ridges to be provided prior to order for approval by CA and Client H62/25 UNDERLAY - Laying: Maintain consistent tautness, with slight swag between counter battens. - Vertical laps (minimum): 100 mm wide, coinciding with supports. - Fixing: Copper or aluminium felt nails. - Eaves: Where exposed to bottom apply 500mm underlay to be Ubiflex (grey) eaves sheet. - Penetrations: Use proprietary underlay seals or cut underlay neatly. H62/30 BATTENS - Timber: Sawn softwood. - Standard: To BS 5534-1. - Moisture content at time of covering (maximum): 22%. - Preservative treatment: CCA or OS as section Z12 and BWPDA Commodity Specification C8. H62/32 BATTEN FIXING - Batten length (minimum): 1200 mm or 3.no joist spacings. - Joints in length: Butt centrally on supports. Joints must not occur more than once in any group of four battens on one support. Fixing: fix through centre of counter batten where possible into joist below close boarding. - Nails: stainless steel round/oval shank nails to BS 1202-1. Shank diameter: 3.35 mm. Length: 50mm min. & not less than 20 mm penetration into counter batten. H62/35 SLATE FIXING - General: Fix slating and accessories to make the whole sound and weather tight at earliest opportunity. - Setting out: To true lines and regular appearance. Lay slates with slightly open (maximum 5 mm) butt joints. Align tails. - Slate thickness: Consistent in any one course. Lay with thicker end as tail. - Ends of courses: Use extra wide slates to maintain bond and to ensure that cut slates are as large as possible. Do not use slates less than 150 mm wide. - Top course: Head-nail short course to maintain gauge. - Fixing: Centre fix each slate twice through countersunk holes 20 - 25 mm from side edges. - Nails: Copper clout to BS 1202-2. Shank diameter: 3.35 mm. Head diameter: 10 mm min to BS 5534:2003 Length: To provide adequate withdrawal resistance and not less than 25 mm penetration into batten to BS 5534:2003 H62/77 BEDDED RIDGE TILES - Underlay: Lay courses over ridge. Overlap (minimum) 150 mm. - Ridge tiles: H62/04 - Bedding: Mortar 3:1 sand: cement mortar. - Fixing: Where rigid masonry walls support or abut ridge, secure ridge tiles within 900 mm of such walls with nails/ wire ties or screws. - Gable end ridge tiles: Fill ends with mortar and slips of tiles finished flush to seal any voids. H62/71 TOP EDGE ABUTMENTS - Underlay: Turn up not less than 100 mm at abutments. - Top slate courses: Fix close to abutments. H62/90 SLATING BOTTOM EDGES - Slating substrate work: Fix treated timber tilting fillet to support bottom course of slates in correct vertical plane. Fix lead flashing to tilting fillet including lead welt - Underlay: as specified above - Undercourse and bottom course slates: Fix with tails neatly aligned. - refer to section drgs for details H62/91 SLATING TOP EDGES Top slate courses: Fix under abutment and make weather tight with flashings dressed down not less than 150 mm. H62/77 BEDDED TILE RIDGES - Underlay: Lay courses over ridge. Overlap (minimum) 150 mm. - Ridge tiles: H62/04 - Bedding: Mortar bedded in cement mortar 3:1 including plastersizer - Fixing: Where rigid masonry walls support or abut ridge, secure ridge tiles within 900 mm of such walls with nails/ wire ties or screws. - Gable end ridge tiles: Fill ends with mortar and slips of tiles finished flush to seal any voids. H71 LEAD SHEET COVERINGS/ FLASHINGS H71/210 LEAD GUTTER LINING: Drawing reference(s): REFER TO SCHEDULE OF WORKS FOR DRAWING REFERENCES - Base: Timber treated boarding as specified Preparation included in this section: Clean boarding and remove any protrusions. - Underlay: geotextile breathable underlay between 200 & 220 g/m2 - Type of lead: Rolled Lead Sheet Thickness: code 7 and 8 depending on the gutter bay length refer to drawings and Lead sheet association manuals written recommendations Pretreatment:As indicated in the Lead Sheet Association Manual - Laying: Over and beyond tilting fillets and to form upstands and welt detail, gutter upstands at wall abutments to be 100mm, on the roof side with code 7 &8 it can extend to a maximum of 300mm but must be no less than the minimum of 100mm - Longitudinal joints: code 7 no more than 2.5m between drips and code 8 no more than 3m between drips Spacing: As indicated in the Lead Sheet Association Manual - Cross joints: As indicated in the Lead Sheet Association Manual Spacing: As indicated in the Lead Sheet Association Manual - Outlet(s): As indicated in the Lead Sheet Association Manual and refer to the drawings Fixing as recommended by LSA manuals written recommendations (Hot Working Permit to be approved with clients insurers and all agreed with CA prior to the commencement of any such works on site) H71/230 PITCHED VALLEY GUTTER LINING TO SLATE/ TILE ROOFS - Underlay: geotextile underlay between 200 & 220 g/m2 - Type of lead: rolled lead sheet - Thickness: code 6 - Pre-treatment: as recommended by the Lead Sheet Association written recommendations - Laying: Over and beyond tilting fillets to valley - Lengths: Not more than 2m sections. - Cross joints: lead to lap over lower lead sheet as per LSA Manuals written recommendations - Fixing: Nail top edge of each sheet. Dress bottom end neatly into eaves gutter and return at wall abutments to form upstand H71/250 WEATHERING TO Parapetts - Substrate: stone - Underlay: as recommended by LSA manual - Type of lead: rolled lead sheet - Thickness: code 6 - Joints: lead welt joints - Spacing: 1200mm lengths - Edge details: to lap over lead upstands to gutterrs and box gutters by minimum of 100mm and drip edges to be formed to all free edges and clips s/s set in to free edge d - Fixing: as per LSA Manual_ . - Accessories: s/s clips to free edges - other: provide lead sleeve to ss dowel fixings to all stone balustrade parapet cappings (weatherings) at stone balustrade positions H71/420 COVER FLASHINGS TO WALL ABUTTMENTS AND GUTTERS - Lead:Rolled Lead Sheet - Thickness: Code 6 - Dimensions: - Lengths: Not more than 1500mm, all free edges to be clipped with 50mm wide s/s clips securely fixed to the structure behind as recommended by LSA Manual @ say maximum of 300mm ctrs utilising copper clout nails - joints: Laps of not less than 150 mm at wall and slated roof abuttments - Cover: Overlap to soaker upstands of not less than 75 mm; AND LAP OVER GUTTER UPSTANDS BY NOT LESS THAN 100MM - Fixing: Lead wedge as clause 83, all in accordance with LSA written recommendations - Fixing: turn flashing into chasing a minimum of 25mm, wedge (inc lead wedge) and back into existing stone chasing all in accordance with LSA written recommendations and best practice and re-point in accordance with section C41 Masonry Walling Workmanship (above) Fixing FOR GUTTERS AND BOX GUTTERS - LENGTHS AT NO MORE THAN 1500MM TO FORM LEAD WELTED JOINTS AT GUTTERS TO FULL LENGTH of gutters with s/s clips set into the welted joints H71/440 SOAKERS AT WALL ABUTTMENTS - Lead soakers: - Thickness: Code 4 - Dimensions: Length: Slate/ tile gauge + lap + 25 mm. Upstand: Not less than 75 mm. Underlap: Not less than 100 mm. - Fixing: By roofer. - H71/60 MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP GENERALLY - Lead production method: - Rolled, to BS EN 12588. - Machine cast: Agrment certified. - Identification: Colour marked for thickness/ code, weight and type. - Workmanship standard: To BS 6915 and latest editions of 'Rolled lead sheet. The complete manual' published by the Lead Sheet Association. - Fabrication and fixing: To provide a secure, free draining and weather tight installation. - Marking out: Do not use scribers or other sharp instruments to mark out lead without approval. - Solder: Use only where specified. - Finished leadwork: Fully supported, adequately fixed to resist wind uplift but also able to accommodate thermal movement without distortion or stress. - Patination oil: Apply smear coating to all visible lead, evenly in one direction and in dry conditions. H71/62 LEAD WELDING - In situ lead welding: Not permitted; except where agreed by Hot Working Permit with CA and client all in accordance, LSA written recommendations and the requirements of the Hot Working Permit H71/75 TIMBER FOR USE WITH LEADWORK - Quality: Planed, free from wane, pitch pockets, decay and insect attack (ambrosia beetle excepted). - Moisture content: Not more than 22% at time of fixing and covering. Give notice if greater than 16%. - Preservative treatment: Organic solvent as section Z12 and Wood Protection Association Commodity Specification C8. H71/76 UNDERLAY - Handling: Prevent tears and punctures. - Laying: Butt or overlap jointed onto a dry substrate. - Fixing edges: With copper or stainless steel staples or clout nails. - Do not lay over roof edges. - Turn up at abutments. - Wood core rolls: Fixed over underlay. - Protection: Keep dry and cover with lead at the earliest opportunity. H71/78 FIXING LEAD SHEET - Top edge: Secured with two rows of fixings, 25 and 50 mm from edge. - Fixings: - Nails to timber substrates: Copper clout nails to BS 1202-2, or stainless steel (austenitic) clout nails to BS 1202-1. Shank type: Annular ringed, helical threaded or serrated. Length: Not less than 20 mm or equal to substrate thickness. - Screws to concrete or masonry substrates: Brass or stainless steel to BS 1210. Diameter: Not less than 3.35 mm. Length: Not less than 19 mm. Washers and plastics plugs: Compatible with screws. H71/80 CLIPS - Material: - Lead clips: Cut from sheets of the same thickness/ code as sheet being secured. - Copper clips: Cut from 0.70 mm thick sheet to BS EN 1172, temper R220 (soft) or R240 (half hard) depending on position, dipped in solder if exposed to view. - Stainless steel: Cut from 0.38 mm sheet to BS EN 10088, grade 1.4301(304), terne coated if exposed to view. - Dimensions: - Width: 50 mm where not continuous. - Length: To suit detail. - Fixing clips: Secure each to substrate with either two screw or three nail fixings not more than 50 mm from edge of lead sheet. Use additional fixings where lead downstands exceed 75 mm. - Fixing lead sheet: Welt clips around edges and turn over 25 mm. H71/83 WEDGE FIXING INTO JOINTS/ CHASES - Joint/ chase: Rake out to a depth of not less than 25 mm. - Lead: Dress into joint/ chase. - Fixing: Lead wedges at not more than 450 mm centres, at every change of direction and with at least two for each piece of lead. - Sealant: Use mortar pointing. - Application: As section Z21. H71/96 DRIPS WITH SPLASH LAPS - Underlap: Dress up full height of drip upstand. - Fixing: Two rows of nails to lower level substrate. Seal over nails with a soldered or leadwelded dot. - Overlap: Dress over drip and form a 75 mm splash lap. - Fixing: Lead clips leadwelded to underlap at bay centres. H71/98 WELTED JOINTS - Joint allowance: 50 mm overlap, 25 mm underlap. - Copper or stainless steel clips: Fix to substrate at 450 mm centres. - Overlap: Welt around underlap and clips and lightly dress down. H71/99 LEAD SMARTWATER MARKING SCHEME - Apply Smartwater materials as provided by the clients insurers. Ecclesiastical Insurance Group. To all the new lead sheet to the contract works in all locations; in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. Detailed information from: Smart Water Technology Limited PO Box 136 Telford Shropshire TF3 3WY Telephone: 0870 242 8899 Fax: 0870 242 4561  HYPERLINK "http://www.smartwater.com/"www.smartwater.com email:  HYPERLINK "mailto:enquiry@smartwater.com"enquiry@smartwater.com M20 - Natural Hydraulic Lime (NHL) Renders The correct specification for any render should consider the nature and condition of the background, site exposure, time of the year (weather maps / rainfall and wind driven rain indices are available from the BRE) and type of finish required. The success of a render depends on ensuring good background preparation and suction control, the correct choice of a mortar and its application. Sample panels should always be carried out. The durability of a render depends on mortars that will adhere to the background, are able to breathe and resist harsh climatic conditions that can and do occur even in relatively benign climate zones. A good bond to the substrate and between all coats is essential to the soundness of the render structure. Bonding is both physical and mechanical: - A physical bond is achieved by controlling the suction correctly, such that a suction bond develops. The natural surface condition can also offer a good key. - Mechanical bonding is induced by the method of application. Ensuring good keying between layers, and especially the first coat, by casting/harling or spraying is by far the most successful method. To avoid potential de-bonding and cracking each coat should be not be richer in binder or thicker than the preceding one (thicker base coats are applicable on thin stipple/scratch coats). Sands for renders. In dubbing out, stipple coats and base coats the sands should be well graded, washed and free of clay/silt (particles below 0.075). Use sharp sands from 3 or 4mm, down to 0.075mm, with the bulk of the sand in the 1.18mm/0.6/0.3/0.15 range. Fine sands or monogranular sands (bulk in 1 or 2 grades only) are to be avoided. In finishing coats, finer sands, still well graded, can be used for smooth finishes (avoid overtrowling). Particular attention will have to be paid to finishing coats with fine sands to avoid high shrinkage due to the high amount of water that fine sands absorb. The use of a wooden float, energetically applied in small circular motions, will help. Floating with plastic floats is not suitable. Sponge floats can be used after the wooden float work is completed to achieve a particular texture in the finish. Curing will also be important. Small hairline shrinkage cracks can be healed if treated in time with a light water mist. Note:the finer sand particles are the ones mostly responsible for colour and therefore used for colour rendition. If the fines denote presence of clay (particles below 0.075) the NHL binder quantity should be reduced (clays are also binders!). A wet sieving analysis is recommended to check clay / silt content. Check that any movement cracks are stable and where necessary ensure they are properly tied and if needed, grouted/pinned/pointed. Careful removal of existing renders will result in less remedial repairs prior to re-rendering. Removal of failed or inappropriate existing render or finishes, including many types of paint, may require the walls to be left to dry out properly before re-rendering and time should be allowed for this. Ensure all repairs to the background are completed and that loose pinning stones or defective bricks are repaired or replaced prior to commencement of any rendering. Partial or complete re-pointing / consolidation may be required. Remove all loose and friable materials, remove and treat all organic growth, use biocides where applicable, ensuring that they will not affect the mortar. Newly built walls should be allowed to dry properly, usually 1 month. This will not take place readily in winter conditions. Repointing before rendering:if this is necessary it should be done with a compatible mortar. Detailing:inspect all details, i.e. copings etc. Check gutters and down pipes and all forms of roof drainage, ground drainage and general ground conditions. Make sure all the above items are functioning properly and where remedial action is required, ensure it is completed before proceeding with render work. Rendering should never come into contact with soil. Renders should be kept clear of the ground or finish at the base of a wall into free draining gravel. Dubbing out:on defaced surfaces or in areas with a large amount of damaged joints it will be necessary to apply a dubbing out coat to provide a level surface. In most cases this will be sufficient with mortar, however very deep joints or hollows should be pinned to reduce the mass of mortar. When a dubbing out coat is used, let it set sufficiently (8-10 hours) before scraping it and keying it. Apply the first coat after approx. 2 days (more if very deep recesses have been filled) and depending on weather conditions. Dubbing out should leave a relatively flat surface, keyed as necessary, on which to render. Suction control:if needed, apply sufficient water to reduce excessive suction, especially on bricks and porous stone. Old bricks often require more water than new ones. On many occasions this is done the day before, if necessary several times with the last damping just before application starts. Apply water starting at the top of the structure. Over saturation of the background will result in loss of bond. Never render backgrounds that have standing water on the surface. Always dampen preceding coats before applying next coat. It should be noted that in the presence of diferent suction levels the degree of dampening will vary accordingly. Keying:provide adequate keying between background and base coat and between each coat. Crisscross patterns are preferred to combing. Make sure that keying does not cut too deeply. Sometimes joints in brickwork are raked back (normally 10mm), this is not necessary with NHL renders if a stipple coat is applied cast on, harled or sprayed on. Two coat work Two coat work is suitable for renders with an overall thickness of approx. 15 mm. on surfaces that provide adequate suction and a good key. On surfaces offering poor suction and keying, it is recommended to use a stipple coat (3-4mm thick) applied by casting on, harling or spraying. The main coat can be applied after sufficient hardening and finished as required. Alternatively use 3 coat work by applying a finishing coat. On two coat work the base coat will be the thickest (up to 10mm, more if applied in 2 passes) and with a binder: sand ratio of 1:1.5 or 1:2. Use mainly NHL 5 or NHL 3.5. This can be laid on or preferably cast/sprayed on. Scour back and key after initial setting. To ensure a flat and uniform surface see "Ensuring a level surface" under Undercoat in 3 coat work section. Curing:check for initial shrinkage. If found, dampen surface lightly with water and tighten back and re-key. Repeated shrinkage is usually a function of poor quality sands, poor suction control or rapid drying. Finishing coat:use HYPERLINK "http://www.stastier.co.uk/nhl/data/nhl35.htm"NHL 3.5 (Chaux LC pure)or HYPERLINK "http://www.stastier.co.uk/nhl/data/nhl2.htm"NHL 2 (Terechaux)(see individual product sheets) 5mm max. for smooth or light textured finishes, 7-8mm for coarse finishes (tyrolean, roughcast etc). Smooth and light textured finishes:use finer well graded sands, 1-2mm down to 0.075mm. Add just enough water to obtain required workability. The more water is added the higher the risk of shrinkage. When the mortar is firm enough, proceed to float up with a cross-grained wood float. This is the most important phase of the finishing work and should be done diligently together with good curing and protection it is vital in obtaining a good finish. See " HYPERLINK "http://www.stastier.co.uk/nhl/guides/protection.htm"Protecting Lime Mortar". Coarse finishes:use coarser sands if thick (rustic) granular finishes are required. The thickness of the coat depends on the final finish required. Some of these finishes, especially the ones requiring special skills such as cottage, scraped and travertine effects, could also be done by using the same type of sand as smooth and light textured (floated) finishes. In these and tooled renderings (patterned), if initial shrinkage takes place, lightly dampen the surface and re-float the area during the first day or two. Tooling is normally applied when the render is 5-7 days old. Dry dashing:throw the chosen aggregate onto soft mortar and leave exposed. To speed up the work a plasterer throwing the aggregate can follow the laying on plasterer. Curing:curing by water mist over 3 to 4 days, if necessary more than once a day, is essential when weather conditions would cause quick drying. See " HYPERLINK "http://www.stastier.co.uk/nhl/guides/protection.htm"Protecting Lime Mortar". Three coat work Background preparation, sands, suction control, keying and dubbing out: as previously described. First coat:has to provide sufficient bonding. Stipple or spatterdash can be used on all backgrounds, but especially on impervious and smooth background. Leave these coats rough to provide a key. Use richer mix (1:1.5 preferably). The normal thickness is between 3 and 5 mm. On soft or weak background use 1:2 or 2:5. Successive coats must be weaker than this coat. The thickness of the first coat depends on the nature of the background and the overall thickness required of the render. A laid on scratch coat can be used on old bricks or surfaces providing a good key (greater care is required in application to ensure good bonding with the background). It will be scoured back with a cross grained wood float and keyed (crisscross keying pattern preferred) once initial stiffening has taken place. Second coat (straightening):to be applied 2 days (or more, depending on weather conditions) after completion of first coat. Its strength should be less than the first coat. Thickness will vary according to the overall thickness required but it is normally between 10 and 15 mm. It must not be over 20 mm thick. If this is required it should be done in successive coats each not exceeding 20 mm. The thicker the intermediate coats, the longer the waiting time before each subsequent application. Ensuring a level surface:to achieve a uniform and level surface fix vertical timber battens or dab's on the wall at 2-2.5 m. interval. If the wall is uneven use spacers and check that battens are straight with a plumb level. Fill out to screeds, if necessary in layers. Screed off excess mortar between battens with a wooden straightedge spanning between the battens. When battens are taken down, fill in strips with the same mortar. An alternative is to make running screeds 100mm. wide at regular intervals. Scour back and key as usual after initial setting. Check for shrinkage during the first 2 days and, if necessary, lightly dampen the relevant area, tighten back and re-key. In case of intermediate coats this would apply to each coat. Do not apply finishing coat until undercoat is adequately hardened. Finishing coat and curing:as per 2 coat work. Protecting NHL mortars and renders The setting properties of NHL mortars require protection against adverse weather conditions. Precautions are necessary and, if in doubt, your St. Astier Distributor will be able to advise further. See " HYPERLINK "http://www.stastier.co.uk/nhl/guides/protection.htm"Protecting Lime Mortar". Early exposure to rain will cause some moisture absorption in the first few millimeters of a fresh render. If frost occurs, there might be damage. The figures given above refer, therefore, to a render that has not been subject to water penetration in its early life. The preferred form of protection is hessian covers that, with re-damping, will also contribute to curing the mortar. Hessian covers are essential to protect against frost. Plastic sheeting is effective against rain but should be kept clear of fresh work. If too tight it will generate condensation leading to unsightly staining. It will not protect against frost. Frost protection should be provided even if frost is not occurring at the moment of finishing the day's work but is forecast during the early days of a mortar. Work should not start in frost conditions or when frost is forecast or with temperatures below 5oC. In working with NHL 2 or in rendering with fine finishing coats, this should be 8oC. Protection from the quick drying effects of wind or direct strong sun should be provided by using shading sheets on scaffolding. See " HYPERLINK "http://www.stastier.co.uk/nhl/guides/protection.htm"Protecting Lime Mortar". Good working practices In this document we have already discussed items such as background preparation, suction control, detailing, keying, protection and curing. A good and durable result depends mainly on these factors, the correct mortar mix, sand, dosages and workmanship. One item not to be overlooked is scaffolding. Where scaffolding is being used make sure that the scaffolding has adequate clearance from the face of the wall to allow application, avoiding unsightly lift lines. Scaffolding should project past all areas to be rendered to allow for protection of the new work against direct rainfall. Generally scaffolding should be capable of carrying the protective screens necessary to shade the work and prevent rapid uncontrolled drying and any covers needed to protect against frost. See " HYPERLINK "http://www.stastier.co.uk/nhl/guides/protection.htm"Protecting Lime Mortar". NHL Renders Diagnostics DefectCausesRemediesShrinkage &Cracking greaterthan 2mmLess than 2mmHairline cracksGeneral or partial movement of the backgroundor the building.Thermal movement.Poor workmanship. Render toothick. Too much water in mix. Over saturatedbackgrounds. Insufficient setting between coats.Bad preparation of background.Over saturatedbackground.Too much binder.Too many fines insand.Finishing coat to thick.Too much water in themix.Rapid drying / lack of protection.Too much sun or wind during curing.Check if movement is stillactive. (Engineer tocheck). If building stable,repair cracks / areas.Depending on extent, openout crack and fill with samemortar.Either apply slurry fill ifsound or remove andreplace properly.Loss of BondPoor background preparation. Poor suction control.Over saturated background. Background toosmooth. Incompatibility with existingbackground. Insufficient strength in bondingcoat. Background movement. Metal corrosion.Saltcrystallisation. Excessive or late towelling.Repair or replace as appropriate.Consolidation by grouting may be considered.BulgingPoor background preparation.Incompatibility with existing background.Metal corrosion. Frost damage during curing.Depending on the extent of damage, either partial repair or total replacement. Neutralise and treat any rusting metal.Powdering / FriabilityDe-calcification of render (loss of binder). Poor background preparation. Poor suction control. Rapid evaporation of water during application, ( pror to adequate set). Frost damage. Insufficient binder dosage. Variation in surface compaction / finishing. Poor sands.Partial or total repair with correct mortar applying due protection and following best practice.Water penetration.Poor background preparation. Weak mortars.Bad detailing.Partial repair. Light repairs with several coats of lime wash.Rectify detailing problems. Replace if necessary.NHL Renders - Some recommended mixes BackgroundPrepare backgroundRe-point and dub out as necessary with compatible mortar.Stipple Coat Cast or sprayed on onlyMust be used on poor suction, dense / smooth surfaces. Leave as CastCure 2-4 daysFirst CoatCast, spray or lay on.Well-keyed background.Control suction. Leave KeyedCure 4-7 daysSecond CoatCast, spray or lay on. Control suction. Straightening coat.Leave keyed. Cure 7-10 days. Finishing coat in 2 coats work.FinishCast, spray or lay on.Control suctionFinish as requiredCure min 3-10 daysCob / EarthMix 1A - Sand SG3-5mmMix 1B - Sand SG10-15mmMix 1C - Sand SG5-10mmMix 1C - Sand SF / FS3-5mmWooden LathMix 2B/3B - Sand SC12-15mm (8-10 cover)Mix 2C - Sand SC8-10mmMix 1C - Sand SF3-5mmMix 2C - Sand SM5-8mmMetal LathMix 3B - Sand SC10-15mm (8-10 cover)Mix 2B - Sand SM10-20mmMix 1C - Sand SF3-5mmMix 2C - Sand SM5-8mmSoft Brick / StonePorous BlocksMix 1B - Sand SC10-15mmMix 2B - Sand SC10-15mmMix 1B/C - Sand SC/SM10-12mmMix 2B/C - Sand SC/SM10-12mmMix 1C - Sand SF3-5mmMix 2C - Sand SM5-8mmMedium Brick / Stone / BlocksMix 2A/3B - Sand SG*3-5mmMix 2B/3C - Sand SC10-20mmMix 2B/3B - Sand SG**10-15mmMix 2C/3D Sand SC/SM8-12mmMix 2C/3C Sand SG**6-10mmMix 1C - Sand SF3-5mmMix 2C - Sand SM5-8mmDense Brick / Stone/ Blocks/ ConcreteMix 2A/3A -Sand SG3-5mmMix 2B/3C - Sand SC10-20mmMix 2B/3B - Sand SG**10-15mmMix 2C/3D Sand SC/SM8-12mmMix 2C/3C Sand SG**6-10mmMix 1C - Sand SF3-5mmMix 2C - Sand SM5-8mm Lime Mix A 1:1.5 Mix B 1:2 Mix C 1:2.5 Mix D 1:3 Mix E 1:4 NHL 2 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E NHL 3.5 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E NHL5 3A 3B 3C 3D * Stipple coat optional, depending on background suction and conditions. ** For harling applications. Note: a wide variety of finishes can be achieved by adopting different binder and sand mixes to satisfy all requirements. Coat thickness and optional mix ratios are related to exposure and background conditions and are the responsibility of the designer. Curing and protection must follow best working practice.  Protecting St Astier Natural Hydraulic Lime Mortar A very important function of mortar in masonry work is to provide wind and watertight protection to walls, this is equally relevant to mortar joints and to rendered surfaces. Proper specification and application will ensure that the wall functions properly. It is essential therefore to ensure that new work, properly specified is allowed to cure from its wet application state into a fully functioning mortar. To assist in this process adequate protection must be given to mortars during and after their application until the mortar is sufficiently cured to perform its designated function. Protection starts before the work takes place: it is important to assess the state of the structure before work commences. Robust detailing, properly installed ground drainage, roof membranes, gutters etc should all be in working order to avoid water ingress and over saturation of fresh mortars. During and after application, protection should be in place for as long as necessary for the mortar to firstly cure properly and then, dry sufficiently. The moisture content of the cured mortar should be measured before protection is taken down. As a general rule this should be about 8%. Moisture, present in saturated walls, prior to the commencement of work should be allowed to dry out properly. In circumstances where this is not entirely possible, the mortar used should have the best possible void structure to allow the maximum evaporation to occur through the mortar. This may require a change in the mortar specification, either of the binder / aggregate ratio or the aggregates or both, and should be treated as a design consideration. The use of well graded sharp sands with a good part of coarse content (10-15% of 4 or 5mm) will allow the moisture to pass more readily through the mortar and the wall to dry quicker. Mortars, such as finished renders with finer sands, tightly finished, will reduce the vapour permeability. Best practice is to leave the face of the new work open and not closed tightly. In joint work it is recommended to stipple or scrape the face of the joint. The exposure of the site to adverse weather conditions is also a major consideration in the design, specification, planning and execution of the work. The principle factors are: Rapid drying caused by: direct sun, heat, wind Insufficient drying caused by: excessive rainfall, low temperatures, humid/damp conditions. Freeze Thaw action Rapid drying: If the mortar dries out too quickly, hydration and carbonation will be inhibited, drying shrinkage may occur and the mortar may become friable. Rapid drying is best avoided by screening against strong direct sunlight and provision of physical barriers to reduce wind action. A cost effective and simple method is to screen work with small sized mesh debris netting (double if necessary) or robust tarpaulins or heavy-duty plastic sheeting on the outside of the scaffold. Seasonal aggravating factors are: hot weather, warm drying wind. Insufficient drying: If the mortar dries too slowly, water, held in the mortar will slow or diminish the rate of initial and possibly final set, inhibit carbonation and result in a mortar that is frost feeble. It may also be susceptible to lime migration, sufficient to cause friability in the mortar. Protection of the wall heads and functioning drainage should be in place. Freeze Thaw action: Can only occur if the mortar pore structure is saturated. If there is a danger of freezing of fresh or uncured mortar, close covering with hessian or tarpaulins and if necessary additional heating should be provided. Polythene should not come in contact with fresh mortar. Planning and Budget for protection of new work: Programming of works, particularly finished render requires careful planning as well as execution in addition sufficient resources should be included in the contract cost to provide the following. Scaffolding for all work should be capable of supporting temporary covers and project sufficiently above the works to afford protection at the wall heads or eaves. It should also allow sufficient working space for the application intended. Site storage must be available to keep materials in clean dry conditions, and sand stock piles should be kept on clean hard surfaces and covered to protect them from rain and frost. Where more than one sand is being used, these should be in separate piles. * Note: Late autumn, early spring & winter workingCold wind or strong wind with low air temperature will produce wind chill effects that will significantly reduce the surface temperature of fresh mortar. Due to the season and/or inadequate protection against rain or, indeed, if moisture is present due to saturated structures, the mortar might not be dry enough and therefore frost damage may occur. Wind chill effectWindTemperature in CoWindTemperature in CoMph (m/sec)+50-5Mph (m/sec)+50-5Wind chill effectWind chill effect4.3 (2)2-2-726.7 (12)-11-16-258.7 (4)-1-7-1231 (14)-12-17-2613 (6)-4-10-1636 (16)-12-18-2718 (8)-6-13-2040.3 (18)-13-19-2822.3 (10)-10-15-23RainAllowing mortars to be saturated by rain should be avoided for the following reasons: * Over saturated mortars can result lime leaching which, in severe cases, will affect the binder ratio with negative effects on the durability of the mortar. A typical example is if the mortar is too sandy when rubbed. Light and not continuous rain, provided that frost is not forecasted, will help to cure the mortar and can be beneficial especially in warm spells. Heavy rain, especially if detailing are poor or wind driven will not allow the fresh mortar to dry sufficiently to withstand frost unless adequate protection is in place. Frost- Water expands by about 9% of its volume when it freezes. In a closed container containing pure water, the critical saturation point is 91.7% of the total volume if there is less than 8.3% unoccupied space, then rupture of the vessel is likely as the water freezes. It would be all too easy to equate the pores in the mortar to the closed container model, in which case you would need a saturation of less than 91.7% to protect against frost damage (equating to say, a free moisture content of <16.1% by dry mass ), but in reality the situation for porous construction materials cannot be related to such a simple model, and although there is a critical saturation point, this is far less easy to determine, and depends on the individual material itself and its pore structure. There are many complex factors involved. Some of them are: * The pore water contains dissolved lime and binder constituents, which depress the freezing point of the water. * Freezing is a gradual process, occurring from the surface of the render inwards. * As ice crystals form in one pore, the resulting increase in volume causes unfrozen water in that pore to be squeezed/expelled into adjacent connected pores, causing a progressive build-up in hydraulic pressure if those pores are also full of water. * As pure ice crystals form in one pore, solutes are transferred to adjacent unfrozen water, depressing the freezing point but causing local osmotic potential differences (with disruptive effects of osmotic hydraulic pressure as water flows into areas of higher solute concentration in an attempt to equalize the salt concentration) * The freezing point varies with size of pore due to variations in pressure, with highest pressure in smaller pores, thus freezing tends to start in larger capillary pores and extends to smaller pores. * Repeated cycles of freezing and thawing have a cumulative damaging effect. The overall concern is that if the mortar is saturated with water, there is insufficient unfilled pore space to accommodate these effects, and the degree of resistance to frost damage is likely to be low as shown below: Sample Ref Free Moisture Content (represents in-situ condition at time of sampling, expressed as % dry mass basis) Potential Moisture Content of saturated sample (based on moisture absorption @ 72 hours full immersion, expressed as % dry mass basis) % Saturation (a measure of how saturated the capillary pores were with water in the in-situ condition at time of sampling) Sample Ref.Free Moisture Content (represents in-situ condition at time of sampling, expressed as % dry mass basis)Potential Moisture Content of saturated sample (based on moisture absorption @ 72 hours full immersion, expressed as % dry mass basis)% Saturation (a measure of how saturated the capillary pores were with water in the in-situ condition at time of sampling)A17.117.697%B15.315.797%C13.915.391%D8.214.557%The above Data is from a research conducted by Heritage Testing Ltd. in 2003. The most effective protection against frost is to carry out work in the months where frost does not occur, but where this is not possible provide a scaffold construction with sheeting on the outside against rain/wind and hessian sheeting on the wall. Again attention should be paid to detailing, roof, drainage and gutters. The same applies in structures where moisture is coming from within. Should it be necessary to continue work during the cold season, adequate heating of the structure should be in place together with the scaffolding system previously described. Sun- Strong and direct sun can cause rapid drying and shrinkage. This effect could be aggravated in the presence of warm wind. Scaffolds should have close knit debris netting on the outside to provide shade without impeding ventilation. It is also recommended that, in warm weather and active drying conditions, the mortar is cured with light water mist 2 or 3 times a day to slow down any potential drying effect. "This document is published to supply general information and recommendations only. The lime render works must accord with best practice as such conservation works and Sample panel to be approved prior to order and commencement. M60 PAINTING/CLEAR FINISHING To be read with Preliminaries/General conditions and Appendix A. COATING SYSTEMS GENERALLY M60/210 COATING MATERIALS to be obtained from one only of the following manufacturers unless specified otherwise. Inform the CA of selected manufacturer before commencement of any coating work. M60/215 HANDLING AND STORAGE: - Coating materials must be delivered in sealed containers, each clearly labelled with the brand name, type of material and manufacturer's batch number. - Wherever possible materials must be from one manufacturing batch. Inform the CA if materials from more than one batch are to be used, store separately and allocate to distinct parts or areas of the work. - Store materials in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. Use in order of delivery and before expiry of any shelf life date. M60/220 COMPATIBILITY: - Check that all materials to be used are recommended by their manufacturers for the particular surface and conditions of exposure, and that they are compatible with each other. - Where surfaces have been treated with preservatives or fire retardants, check with treatment manufacturer that coating materials are compatible with the treatment and do not inhibit its performance. - Inform the CA of any discrepancy in specification of coatings and obtain instructions before proceeding with application. M60/230 ANCILLARY SURFACES: The descriptions of areas to be coated given in schedules, etc. are of necessity simplified. All ancillary exposed surfaces and features are to be coated to match similar or adjacent materials or areas except where a fair faced natural finish is required or items are completely prefinished. In cases of doubt obtain instructions before proceeding. M60/270 OFF SITE WORK: - All off site preparation and coating to be carried out under cover in a suitable environment with adequate lighting. - Store all items, both before and after coating, in a clean, dry area protected from the weather and mechanical damage, properly stacked with spaces to permit air circulation and prevent sticking of surfaces. M60/280 PROTECTION: - Adequately protect internal and external surfaces, fixtures and fittings which are not to be coated, by covering with dust sheets, masking or other suitable materials. - Exhibit 'Wet paint' signs and provide barriers where necessary to protect other operatives and the general public, and to prevent damage to freshly applied coatings. M60/290 TESTING OF VISCOSITY, ETC: The CA may, with discretion, take samples of materials from each manufacturing batch as follows: - Unopened containers, or samples from previously unopened containers, for submission to manufacturer for comparison with manufacturer's own retained samples from the same batch. - Unopened containers, or samples from previously unopened containers, as a control sample for assessment of samples taken from painters' kettles. - Samples from painters' kettles for submission with control sample to manufacturer and/or independent testing laboratory for comparative testing. M60/300 CONTROL SAMPLE(S): Prepare sample areas of the finished work, including preparation, in advance of the remainder. Obtain approval of appearance before proceeding. M60/310 SUPERVISED CONTROL SAMPLE(S): Prepare sample areas of the finished work, including preparation, in advance of the remainder. Make arrangements with the CA for full time supervision of the application of each coat. Obtain approval of appearance before proceeding. Supervised control samples may, at the CA's discretion, be used as the basis for comparative testing of dry film thickness of complete coating systems. M60/320 INSPECTION OF WORK: Permit coating manufacturers to inspect the work in progress and take samples of their products from site if requested. M60/321 INSPECTION OF WORK: Inspection of the whole of the work at each of the stages may be made, at the discretion of the CA. Agree with the CA a programme which will facilitate such inspections and notify him when each part and stage of the work is ready for inspection. Do not proceed with subsequent stages of the work until authorised. PREPARATION M60/400 PREPARATION GENERALLY: - To BS 6150, Section 4. - Materials used in preparation must be types recommended by their manufacturers and the coating manufacturer for the situation and surfaces being prepared. - Prevent or control exposure of operatives to dust, vapour and fumes exceeding occupational exposure standards set in the current Health and Safety Executive (HSE) document EH40. - Substrates must be sufficiently dry in depth to suit the coating to be applied. - Remove efflorescence salts from surfaces. Repeat removal if efflorescence recurs. - Clean off dirt, grease and oil from surfaces. If contamination of surfaces/substrates has occurred, obtain instructions before proceeding. - Smooth surface irregularities. Fill joints, cracks, holes and other depressions with stoppers/fillers worked well in and finished off flush with surface. Abrade to a smooth finish. - Apply oil based stoppers/fillers after priming. Apply water based stoppers/fillers before priming unless recommended otherwise by manufacturer. Patch prime water based stoppers/fillers when applied after priming. - Remove dust and particles from dry abrasive preparation of surfaces. - Remove residues from wet preparation of surfaces by rinsing with clean water, wiping and allowing to dry. - Ensure that doors, opening windows, etc, are 'eased' as necessary before coating. Prime any resulting bare areas. M60/410 SUITABILITY OF SURFACES AND CONDITIONS: Application of coatings will be taken as joint acceptance by the Main Contractor and the Painting Contractor of the suitability of surfaces and conditions within any given area to receive the specified coatings. M60/425 IRONMONGERY: Remove from surfaces to be coated and refix on completion. Do not remove hinges unless instructed to do so. M60/430 IRONMONGERY: Remove all old paint and varnish marks from existing ironmongery. Thoroughly clean and polish before refixing. M60/440 PREVIOUSLY COATED SURFACES GENERALLY: - Prepare in accordance with BS 6150, Section 6. - When removing or partially removing coatings, use methods which will not damage the substrate or adjacent surfaces or adversely affect subsequent coatings. - Carefully remove all loose, flaking or otherwise defective areas to a firm edge. - Completely remove alkali affected coatings. - Where coatings are suspected of containing lead, obtain instructions before proceeding. - Where substrates containing asbestos are revealed, obtain instructions before proceeding. - Where significant rot, corrosion or other degradation of substrates is revealed, obtain instructions before proceeding. - Thoroughly clean retained coatings with appropriate detergent solutions or solvents to remove all dirt, grease and contaminants. Abrade gloss coated surfaces when still wet to provide a key. - Apply additional preparatory coats to areas of partial removal to restore original coating thicknesses. Abrade junctions to give a flush surface. - Where coatings are completely removed, prepare surfaces as specified for uncoated surfaces. M60/461 PREVIOUSLY COATED TIMBER: - Remove any degraded or weathered surface timber by abrading. - Ensure that repairs to degraded substrate timber have been carried out with sound timber of the same species. - Apply two coats of knotting to exposed resinous areas and knots and allow to dry. M60/471 PREPRIMED TIMBER: Abrade chalking, powdery and other defective primer back to bare timber, remove dust and reprime resulting bare areas. M60/481 UNCOATED TIMBER: - Abrade to a smooth, even finish with arrises and moulding edges lightly rounded or eased. - Ensure that heads of fasteners are countersunk sufficiently to hold stoppers/fillers. - Apply two coats of knotting to resinous areas and knots and allow to dry. M60/490 PREVIOUSLY COATED STEEL: - Abrade corrosion and loose scale back to bare metal. - Treat any residual rust with a proprietary removal solution. Prime as soon as possible. M60/500 PREPRIMED STEEL: Abrade defective primer, corrosion and loose scale back to bare metal, remove dust and reprime resulting bare areas. M60/511 GALVANIZED, SHERARDIZED AND ELECTROPLATED STEEL to receive lead free primer: Pretreat with 'T wash'/mordant solution to achieve blackening of the whole surface or apply pretreatment etching primer where recommended by the coating system manufacturer. M60/521 UNCOATED STEEL - MANUAL CLEANING: - Remove oil and grease. - Abrade to remove corrosion, loose scale, welding slag and spatter. - Treat any residual rust with a proprietary removal solution. Prime as soon as possible. M60/541 UNCOATED ALUMINIUM/COPPER/LEAD: Remove any surface corrosion/oxidization and lightly abrade with fine abrasive paper and white spirit. Apply pretreatment etching primer where recommended by the coating system manufacturer. M60/552 UNCOATED PVC-U: Wash with warm detergent solution to remove dirt and grease. Do not abrade. M60/560 UNCOATED CONCRETE: Remove release agents with detergent/emulsion solutions. Ensure that major surface defects are repaired. M60/570 UNCOATED MASONRY/RENDERING: Remove loose and flaking material with a stiff brush. M60/580 UNCOATED PLASTER: Scrape off nibs, trowel marks and plaster splashes. Abrade lightly any overtrowelled 'polished' areas. M60/590 UNCOATED PLASTERBOARD: Fill depressions around fixings. M60/601 UNCOATED PLASTERBOARD - TO RECEIVE TEXTURED COATING: Fill joints, tape and feather out using materials recommended by the textured coating manufacturer. M60/611 WALLPAPERS/WALLCOVERINGS: - Ensure that wallpapers/wallcoverings to be retained are in good condition and well adhered to the substrate. - Where wallpapers/wallcoverings have been removed, wash down surface of substrate with detergent solution to remove paper residues, adhesive and size. M60/622 TREATMENT OF ORGANIC GROWTHS: - Remove all loose growths and infected coatings/decorations. - Apply appropriate biocidal solution to growth areas and surrounding surfaces. - Scrape or brush off all dead growth. Remove infected materials immediately to ensure that no other areas become infected. - Apply appropriate residual effect biocidal solution to inhibit re-establishment of growths. - Biocides must be approved and registered by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and listed in the current 'Reference Book 500', Part B, as surface biocides. M60/631 PREVIOUSLY PAINTED WINDOW FRAMES: - Remove existing paint to the extent specified or instructed. - Remove old paint splashes and old paint encroaching beyond the glass sight line. - Remove loose and defective putty. - Thoroughly clean putty cavities and junctions between previously painted surfaces and glass. - Patch prime, reputty and paint as soon as sufficiently hard. M60/640 POINTING TO EXISTING FRAMES: - Remove defective sealant pointing. - Thoroughly clean the joint recess, remove all dust and seal joint surfaces as recommended by sealant manufacturer. - Check that depth of joint is approximately half its width, and adjust using recommended backing strip if necessary. - Repoint neatly using mastic gun during dry conditions when the ambient temperature is above 5degC. - Sealant manufacturer and reference: _________ M60/651 EXISTING GUTTERS: Clean all dirt and debris from inside of gutters before preparing and coating. Clean out defective joints and seal with approved jointing material. M60/652 EXISTING GUTTERS: Clean all dirt and debris from inside of all gutters (even though not to be coated). Clean out defective joints and seal with approved jointing material. APPLICATION M60/700 UNSUITABLE CONDITIONS: - Take all necessary precautions including restrictions on working hours, providing temporary protection and allowing extra drying time, to ensure that coatings are not adversely affected by climatic conditions during and after application. - Prevent or control exposure of operatives to solvent vapour levels exceeding occupational exposure standards set in the current Health and Safety Executive (HSE) document EH40. - Unless it is specifically permitted by the coating manufacturer, do not apply coatings: - To surfaces affect by moisture, frost or airborne dust. - When the air or substrate temperature is below 5degC. - When the relative humidity is above 80%. - When heat is likely to cause blistering or wrinkling. M60/711 COATING GENERALLY: - To BS 6150, Section 5. - Do not use materials which show any bittiness or other defects when applied. Do not thin or intermix unless specified or recommended otherwise. - Apply priming coats as soon as possible on the same day as preparation is completed. They must be of adequate thickness and suit surface porosity. - Apply coatings by brush or roller unless otherwise specified or approved. - Keep brushes and equipment in a clean condition. Dispose safely of cleaning and waste materials, do not pour into sanitary appliances or drains. - Subsequent coats of the same pigmented material must be of a different tint to ensure that each coat provides complete coverage. - Apply coatings to clean, dry surfaces in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended intervals between coats. - Apply coatings evenly to give a smooth finish of uniform colour, free from brush marks, sags, runs and other defects. Cut in neatly and cleanly. Do not splash or mark adjacent surfaces. - Adequately protect drying and completed work from damage. M60/720 PRIMING JOINERY: - Before priming preservative treated timber ensure that any cut surfaces have been retreated and that all preservatives are completely dry. - Liberally coat all end grain, allow to soak in and then recoat. M60/730 CONCEALED JOINERY SURFACES: Where one or more additional coats are specified to be applied in the factory, they must be applied to all surfaces, including those which will be concealed when components are fixed in place. M60/751 STAINING TIMBER: - Apply primer where recommended by the stain manufacturer. - Apply stain in flowing coats. Brush out excess stain before set to produce uniform depth of colour. M60/760 VARNISHING: Thin first coat with white spirit in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. Brush well in avoiding aeration and lay off. Apply further coats of varnish, rubbing down lightly between coats along the grain. M60/770 EXTERNAL DOORS: Prime and coat bottom edges before hanging. M60/780 BEAD GLAZING: Joinery which is to be stained must have the first two coats of the staining system applied to rebates and beads before glazing. M60/781 BEAD GLAZING: Joinery which is to be varnished must have the first two coats of varnish applied to rebates and beads before glazing. M60/782 BEAD GLAZING: Joinery which is to be painted must have the primer and one undercoat applied to rebates and beads before glazing. M60/790 PUTTY GLAZING: Allow putty to set for 7 days then, within a further 14 days, seal with an oil based primer. Ensure that putty is fully protected by coating system as soon as it is sufficiently hard. Extend finishing coats on to glass up to sight line. M60/800 GLAZING: Protect etched, sand blasted and ground glass from contamination by oily constituents of coating materials by: - Treating or masking edges before coating. - Cleaning surfaces after coating. M60/810 WATER REPELLENT: Commence at top of wall, applying liberally to flood surface, ensuring complete coverage. M60/820 COMPLETION: Ensure that opening lights and other moving parts move freely. Remove all masking tape and temporary coverings. Z12 PRESERVATIVE/ FIRE RETARDANT TREATMENT Z12/10 TREATMENT APPLICATION - Timing: After cutting and machining timber, and before assembling components. - Processor: Licensed by manufacturer of specified treatment solution. - Certification: For each batch of timber provide a certificate of assurance that treatment has been carried out as specified. Z12/20 COMMODITY SPECIFICATIONS - Standard: Current edition of the Wood Protection Association (WPA) publication 'Industrial wood preservation specification and practice'. Z12/25 PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT SOLUTION STRENGTHS/ TREATMENT CYCLES - General: Select to achieve specified service life and to suit treatability of specified wood species. Z12/40 ORGANIC SOLVENT PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT - Solution: - Manufacturer: Wykamol. Product reference: Wykabor 10. - Application: Double vacuum + low pressure impregnation, or immersion. - Moisture content of wood: - At time of treatment: As specified for the timber/ component at time of fixing. - After treatment: Timber to be surface dry before use. Z12/70 MAKING GOOD TO PROTECTION TREATMENT ON SITE - Fire retardant/ preservative solution: Compatible with off-site treatment. - Application: In accordance with preservative manufacturers recommendations. Z20 FIXINGS AND ADHESIVES Z20/10 FIXINGS AND FASTENERS GENERALLY - Integrity of supported components: Select types, sizes, quantities and spacings of fixings, fasteners and packings to retain supported components without distortion or loss of support. - Components, substrates, fixings and fasteners of dissimilar metals: Isolate with washers or sleeves to avoid bimetallic corrosion. - General usage: To recommendations of fastener manufacturers and/ or manufacturers of components, products or materials fixed and fixed to. - Fixings: To be in straight lines, at regular centres. Z20/25 FASTENER DURABILITY - Materials: To have: - Bimetallic corrosion resistance appropriate to items being fixed. - Atmospheric corrosion resistance appropriate to fixing location. - Appearance: Submit samples on request. Z20/30 FIXINGS THROUGH FINISHES - Penetration of fasteners and plugs into substrate: To achieve a secure fixing. Z20/35 PACKINGS - Materials: Noncompressible, corrosion proof. - Area of packings: Sufficient to transfer loads. Z20/40 CRAMP FIXINGS - Fasteners: Fix cramps to frames with screws of same material as cramps. - Fixings in masonry work: Fully bed in mortar. Z20/50 PELLETED COUNTERSUNK SCREW FIXINGS - Finished level of countersunk screw heads: Minimum 6 mm below timber surface. - Pellets: Cut from matching timber, grain matched, glued in to full depth of hole. - Finished level of pellets: Flush with surface. Z20/55 PLUGGED COUNTERSUNK SCREW FIXING - Finished level of countersunk screw heads: Minimum 6 mm below timber surface. - Plugs: Glue in to full depth of hole. - Finished level of plugs: Projecting above surface. Z20/60 APPLYING ADHESIVES - Surfaces: Clean. Regularity and texture to suit bonding and gap filling characteristics of adhesive. - Support and clamping during setting: Provide as necessary. Do not mark surfaces of or distort components being fixed. - Finished adhesive joints: Fully bonded. Free of surplus adhesive. Z21 MORTARS Z21/10 MORTAR MIXES - Specification: Proportions and additional requirements for mortar materials are specified elsewhere. Z21/25 SAND FOR LIME/ SAND MASONRY MORTARS - Type: Sharp, well graded. Red Stone Sand. - Quality, sampling and testing: To BS EN 13139. - Grading: Size 2mm to dust. - Source: Womersley Associates or similar approved. Z21/30 NATURAL HYDRAULIC LIME FOR MORTAR WORK GENERALLY - Material : Natural Hydraulic Lime from an established supplier. - Product: St. Astier (or equivalent) Natural Hydraulic Lime NHL 3.5. - Supplier: Ty Mawr, Llangasty, Brecon, Powys, LD3 8BT, Telephone 01874 611350, Email  HYPERLINK "mailto:tymawr@lime.org.uk" tymawr@lime.org.uk Or Womersley Ltd / Telephone 01924 400651 Email  HYPERLINK "mailto:info@womersley.co.uk" info@womersley.co.uk 30A HOT LIME FOR MORTAR WORK GENERALLY Material: - Hot Lime Slaked Quick Lime from an established supplier. Product: Womersleys Ltd (or equivalent) Premixed Hot Lime made to order by Womersley to Colour to match existing Lime Mortar: Or Ty Mawr Premixed Hot Lime made to order by Ty Mawr to Colour to match existing Lime Mortar Supplier: Womersley Ltd / Telephone 01924 400651 Email  HYPERLINK "mailto:info@womersley.co.uk" info@womersley.co.uk OR Ty Mawr, Llangasty, Brecon, Powys, LD3 8BT, Telephone 01874 611350, Email  HYPERLINK "mailto:tymawr@lime.org.uk" tymawr@lime.org.uk Hot Lime Description A slaked quick lime based mortar/plaster with a blend of sands and grit. With the addition. Aggregate size 4mm maximum Mix ratio 1:3 quick lime/sand Uses As an pointing / construction mortar. Shelf Life Avoid exposure to excess heat or cold. Lime mortar matures and improves with age when kept sealed. Units 25kg plastic tubs or 1000kg crated bulk bags Health and Safety Contains Calcuim Hydroxide CA(OH)2 . Risk of serious damage to skin and eyes. Wear suitable protective clothing and keep out of the reach of children. Every effort should be made to protect your eyes, in the event of any getting in the eyes then rinse thoroughly for several minutes. Should discomfort continue seek medical attention. Observations Only to be used by professional tradesmen experienced in the application of lime Mortars Technical Advice Call 01924 400651 or email  HYPERLINK "mailto:info@womersleys.co.uk" info@womersleys.co.uk or Ty Mawr 01874 611350 or email  HYPERLINK "mailto:tymawr@lime.org.uk" tymawr@lime.org.uk It is required that only proven tradesmen and contractors experienced in hot lime should undertake such work to ensure good workman like practices for such materials are undertaken to ensure best practice and that the material does not fail due to lack of preparation, aftercare or poor application; its a requirement that proof of experience is provided to the CA/Employer prior to commencement and order for extensive experience of traditional lime working and hot lime in particular to ensure quality of the work; without such proof you will not be able to undertake such works Surface Preparation: Before pointing remove all dust and loose material from joints. Dampen the area to be repointed first to help curing. Application: Add the clay pozzolan to the fatty hot lime mix and any additional water thats required to achieve a good workable mix. To ensure a good compaction and adhesion when using the Hot Lime mix for re pointing, the mortar canbe tampered with a bristle brush as it starts to firm up. This process also brings the sharp aggregate to the surface creating a lovely textured finish. Application temperature 5-30 C. Protect with hessian against strong sunlight, heavy rain and frost and ensure adequate aftercare of the mix as detailed here in and in the schedule of works and to accord with best practice for such materials application. For an extended shelf life avoid exposure to excess heat or cold and keep in an airtight container. Z21/60 MAKING MORTARS GENERALLY - Batching: By volume. Use clean and accurate gauge boxes or buckets. - Mix proportions: Based on dry sand. Allow for bulking of damp sand. - Mixing: Mix materials thoroughly to uniform consistency, free from lumps. - Mortars containing air entraining admixtures: Mix mechanically. Do not over mix. - Contamination: Prevent intermixing with other materials. Z21/70 MAKING HYDRAULIC LIME/ SAND MORTARS - Mixing hydrated hydraulic lime:sand: Follow the lime manufacturer's recommendations for each stage of the mix. - Water quantity: Only sufficient to produce a workable mix. Z22 SEALANTS PRODUCTS Z22/31 JOINTS generally - Primer, backing strip, bond breaker: Types recommended by sealant manufacturer. EXECUTION Z22/61 SUITABILITY OF JOINTS - Presealing checks: - Joint dimensions: Within limits specified for the sealant. - Substrate quality: Surfaces regular, undamaged and stable. - Joints not fit to receive sealant: Opening lights. Z22/62 PREPARING JOINTS - Surfaces to which sealant must adhere: - Remove temporary coatings, tapes, loosely adhering material, dust, oil, grease, surface water and contaminants that may affect bond. - Clean using materials and methods recommended by sealant manufacturer. - Vulnerable surfaces adjacent to joints: Mask to prevent staining or smearing with primer or sealant. - Backing strip and/ or bond breaker installation: Insert into joint to correct depth, without stretching or twisting, leaving no gaps. - Protection: Keep joints clean and protect from damage until sealant is applied. Z22/63 APPLYING SEALANTS - Substrate: Dry (unless recommended otherwise) and unaffected by frost, ice or snow. - Environmental conditions: Do not dry or raise temperature of joints by heating. - Sealant application: Fill joints completely and neatly, ensuring firm adhesion to substrates. - Sealant profiles: - Butt and lap joints: Slightly concave. - Fillet joints: Flat or slightly convex. - Protection: Protect finished joints from contamination or damage until sealant has cured.     GATELEY SMITHERS PURSLOW Architects l Surveyors l Engineers   Plas Tan Y Bwlch& & & & & & .   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